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- Basal Body: A structure in the cytoplasm that anchors microtubules to the cell.
- Base Pair (bp): Two nitrogenous bases (adenine and thymine or guanine and cytosine) held together by weak bonds. Two strands of DNA are held together in the shape of a double helix by the bonds between base pairs.
- Base Sequence: The order of nucleotide bases in a DNA molecule.
- Base Sequence Analysis: A method, sometimes automated, for determining the base sequence.
- Bronchiectasis: Abnormal dilation of the airways caused by chronic infection and inflammation.
- Bronchiole: The smallest airway in the lung that branches into the alveoli.
- Bronchiolitis: Inflammation of the bronchioles, which causes wheezing and coughing.
- Bronchitis: Inflammation of the larger conducting airways, which causes a harsh cough and increased sputum production.
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage: The collection of lower airway and alveolar secretions using a bronchoscope.
- Bronchoscopy: The use of a bronchoscope to examine the lower airways.
- Bronchus (plural - Bronchi): The larger conducting airway that branch from the trachea.
